制浆造纸废水的来源 |
添加时间:2019/11/23 14:45:21 浏览次数: |
制浆造纸废水的来源 The source of pulping and papermaking wastewater 制浆造纸废水主要来源有四种,分别是蒸煮工段产生的黑液和红液,制浆中段废水,抄纸工段产生的白水。 There are four main sources of pulping and papermaking wastewater: black liquor and red liquor from cooking section, wastewater from pulping section and white water from papermaking section. 1. 黑液 1. black liquor 碱法制浆蒸煮废液,因其色黑称为黑液。我国绝大部分造纸厂采用碱法制浆而产生黑液。黑液中的主要成分有3种,即木质素、聚戊糖和总碱。黑液中所含的污染物占到了造纸工业污染排放总量的90%以上,且具有高浓度和难降解的特性,它的治理一直是一大难题。 The waste liquor from alkaline pulping is called black liquor because of its black color. Black liquor is produced by alkaline pulping in most of China's paper mills. There are three main components in black liquor, namely lignin, pentose and total alkali. The pollutants contained in the black liquor account for more than 90% of the total pollution discharge of the paper industry, and it has the characteristics of high concentration and difficult degradation. Its treatment has been a big problem. 2. 中段水 2. middle water 制浆中段废水是指经黑液提取后的蒸煮浆料在筛选、洗涤、漂白等过程中排出的废水,颜色呈深黄色,占造纸工业污染排放总量的8%~9%,吨浆COD负荷310 kg左右。中段水浓度高于生活污水,BOD和COD的比值在0.20到0.35之间,可生化性较差,有机物难以生物降解且处理难度大。 The wastewater in the middle stage of pulping refers to the wastewater discharged from the process of screening, washing and bleaching of the pulping pulp after the black liquor extraction. The color of the wastewater is dark yellow, accounting for 8% ~ 9% of the total pollution discharge of the paper industry, and the COD load per ton of pulp is about 310 kg. The concentration of middle water is higher than that of domestic sewage, the ratio of BOD and COD is between 0.20 and 0.35, the biodegradability is poor, the organic matter is difficult to be biodegraded and the treatment is difficult. 3. 白水 3. white water 白水即抄纸工段废水,它来源于造纸车间纸张抄造过程。白水主要含有细小纤维、填料、涂料和溶解了的木材成分,以及添加的胶料、湿强剂、防腐剂等,以不溶性COD为主,可生化性较低,其加入的防腐剂有一定的毒性。白水水量较大,但其所含的有机污染负荷远远低于蒸煮黑液和中段废水。 White water is the waste water of paper making section, which comes from the paper making process of paper making workshop. White water mainly contains fine fiber, filler, coating and dissolved wood components, as well as added rubber, wet strength agent, preservative, etc. it is mainly insoluble cod, with low biochemical property, and the preservative added has certain toxicity. White water has a large amount of water, but its organic pollution load is far lower than black liquor and middle wastewater. |
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