制革废水主要是在准备和鞣制阶段 |
添加时间:2019/12/21 13:41:15 浏览次数: |
制革生产一般分为准备、鞣制、整理三个工序,废水主要是在准备和鞣制阶段,即在湿操作过程中排出的。准备工序有浸水、脱毛、剖层和水洗等,废水量占制革过程排放的总废水量65%左右。水质特点是化学需氧量(COD)和生化需氧量(BOD)高,BOD约占生产过程排出总量的50%,浑浊,臭味大,悬浮物多,采用硫化钠脱毛工艺的废水中还含有大量硫化物。 Leather production is generally divided into three processes: preparation, tanning and finishing. The wastewater is mainly discharged in the preparation and tanning stage, that is, in the wet operation process. The preparation procedures include soaking, depilation, slicing and washing, etc., and the waste water accounts for about 65% of the total waste water discharged in the tanning process. The water quality is characterized by high chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD). BOD accounts for about 50% of the total discharge in the production process. It is turbid, smelly and has a lot of suspended matters. The wastewater using sodium sulfide depilation process also contains a lot of sulfide. 鞣制工序主要有脱灰、鞣制(铬鞣或植鞣)、漂洗和染色等,废水量约占制革过程排放的总废水量35%。铬鞣废水呈灰蓝色,除含有三价铬外,还含有少量蛋白质和无机酸。植物鞣料主要是栲胶,植鞣废水为红棕色,呈酸性,丹宁酸含量很高,还含有大量木质素和其他有机化合物,色度高达4000~5000度。各个工序废水和生产全过程总排水水质参数如表。 Tanning process mainly includes deashing, tanning (chrome tanning or vegetable tanning), rinsing and dyeing. The amount of waste water accounts for about 35% of the total waste water discharged in the tanning process. Chrome tanning wastewater is gray blue, containing not only trivalent chromium, but also a small amount of protein and inorganic acid. Vegetable tanning waste water is reddish brown, acid, with high tannic acid content. It also contains a large number of lignin and other organic compounds, with a chroma of 4000-5000 degrees. The wastewater of each process and the total drainage water quality parameters of the whole production process are shown in the table. |
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